Perù has been known for the rich
legacy left by the pre-Hispanic cultures of the country throughout its territory. The
tourist axis of the south has as its center the city of Cusco , the ancient capital of the
Incas , considered the archaeological capital of South America. In the city of Cusco , as
in no other place , the complexity of the hybrid culture borne of the mixture of Spanish
and Inca , can be appreciated , specially in the fusion between Inca ruins and Spanish
colonial architecture .Cusco was the capital of Inca empire from its beginning in the 14th
century until the Spanish conquest in 1533 , when Francisco Pizarro. , the intrepid native
of Extremadura ,conquered the promising land of Perù following a long and difficult
voyage through Panama and over the Andes . And what a crowning glory it was , with its
gold mines that flooded the Spanish metropolis with riches , and brought about such an
economic transformation throughout Europe that it led to a whole new historical era.
The Inca capital is especially know for its
architecture of enormous cut-stone blocks fitted so perfectly that no mortar was needed .
Coricancha , the temple of the sun , and the fortress of Sacsahuaman , that was built with
enormous boulders some of them weighting over 190 tons , are the most outstanding examples
of this type of construction . Cusco was designed in the form of a puma with the
legendary 15th century fortress of Sacsahuaman as the head , the confluence of the
Huatanay and Tullumayo rivers was canalized and straightened to form the tail .The hearth
of the city ,and the puma, was the Huacaypata, it was the main square of Inca
Cusco, it was
located in the same place as the modern city square but twice the size. A gravel covered
area ,surrounded by the palaces of past Inca kings and was the site of important
ceremonies in the Inca calendar. Four main roads ,finely paved , left the square to the
four corners of the empire. It was a city of such engineering excellence and beauty , that
it left the first Spaniards who saw it breathless. |
Cusco
Sacsahuaman
Siege of Cusco
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Cusco &
Machupicchu 
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